The Unhidden Minute

<p>The Exoduster Movement began in 1879 as thousands of formerly enslaved Black Americans fled the violence and oppression of the post-Reconstruction South. Drawn primarily to Kansas, these migrants—known as...

<p>On July 9, 1868, member of Congress ratified the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In the aftermath of the American Civil War, this was a bold redefinition of who could claim their rights under the rule...

<p></p><p>The Fair Housing Act of 1968 was passed in the wake of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., as the nation grappled with unrest and longstanding inequality. Signed into law on April 11, 1968, it...

<p></p><p>On April 3, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. stood before a crowd in Memphis, Tennessee and delivered what would become his final address—I’ve Been to the Mountaintop. Speaking in support of striking...

<p></p><p>Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (1842–1924) was a pioneering Black American journalist, suffragist, and civil rights leader who helped organize Black women into a national force for social change. Born in Boston...

<p></p><p>The National Association of Colored Women (NACW) was founded in 1896 to unify Black women’s clubs across the United States in the fight for racial uplift, social reform, and women’s rights. Formed by leaders...

<p></p><p>Coretta Scott King (1927–2006) was a leading Black American activist, author, and global advocate for civil and human rights. Born in Heiberger, Alabama, she studied music and education at Antioch College and...

<p>Mary Church Terrell (1863–1954) was a pioneering Black American educator, suffragist, and civil rights activist who dedicated her life to advancing racial and gender equality. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, to formerly...

<p>Diane Nash is a central figure in the modern Civil Rights Movement and one of its most disciplined strategists of nonviolent direct action. Born in Chicago in 1938, she became radicalized by the everyday reality of...

<p></p><p>The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1909 in response to escalating racial violence and the rollback of Reconstruction-era rights. Organized by an interracial...

<p></p><p>The Children’s Crusade of 1963 was a pivotal moment in the Birmingham Civil Rights Campaign, when hundreds of Black American schoolchildren took to the streets to challenge segregation. Organized by the...

<p></p><p>Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth (1922–2011) was one of the most fearless leaders of the Civil Rights Movement. A Baptist minister in Birmingham, Alabama, he co-founded the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights...

<p></p><p>Cathay Williams (1844–1893) is remembered as the only documented woman to serve as a Buffalo Soldier, disguising herself as a man under the name William Cathay. Born enslaved in Missouri, Williams gained her...

<p>The Battle of Bunker Hill, fought on June 17, 1775, was one of the first major engagements of the American Revolution, and Black American soldiers played a visible and courageous role. Among the most recognized was...

<p>Prince Estabrook was a Black American patriot whose life embodies the contradictions of the American Revolution. Enslaved in Lexington, Massachusetts, Estabrook was among the militiamen who faced British regulars on...