
Oil Ground Up
Hormuz, Diesel & the Return of the Geopolitical Risk Premium
What happens when geopolitical risk stops being theoretical and begins physically reshaping global oil flows?On this episode of Oil Ground Up, Rory Johnston is joined by Michelle Brouhard, Head of Policy and Geopolitical Risk at Kpler, for a wide-ranging discussion on the collision between geopolitics, energy policy and physical commodity markets. Drawing on a career spanning power, natural gas, oil trading and hedge funds, Michelle explains how she now works at the intersection of market data and government policy—and why understanding the consequences of policy decisions has become increasingly important for energy markets.The conversation begins with the return of the geopolitical risk premium in oil. Michelle argues that the shale revolution fundamentally changed how markets priced geopolitical disruptions, creating years in which supply shocks from Libya, Russia, the Middle East and elsewhere struggled to sustain higher prices. Today, she believes that dynamic is changing.Rory and Michelle then tackle the debate surrounding Kpler's Strait of Hormuz tanker data. Michelle explains how Kpler combines AIS, satellite imagery and people at ports to track vessels. Despite flows approaching pre-war levels, product exports remain constrained, U.S. naval escorts are not a sustainable long-term solution, and confidence in the Strait has yet to be fully restored.The discussion then turns to the increasingly acute global diesel shortage and the limited options available to policymakers. Could Europe release strategic diesel inventories? Could China increase product exports? Could shipping regulations be temporarily relaxed to free additional diesel supply? And could the Trump administration restrict U.S. diesel exports—or use them as leverage to pressure Europe into releasing its own inventories?Michelle lays out the potential consequences of each option and explains why she sees an outright U.S. diesel export ban as less likely than Washington using energy as a form of economic statecraft. She assigns a 50% probability to the U.S. pressuring Europe to release more inventories, 25% to an export ban and 25% to allowing the market to solve the imbalance itself.This is a deep dive into oil markets, diesel, Hormuz, tanker tracking, strategic reserves and the increasingly complicated relationship between energy markets and geopolitics.

