
Episode #266
The Millennial Reign of Christ | Revelation 20:1-6
Revelation 20:1-6 And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years, And cast him into the bottomless pit, and shut him up, and set a seal upon him, that he should deceive the nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled: and after that he must be loosed a little season. And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years. But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection. Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years. We stand here at one of the most majestic peaks in all of Scripture. After the seals have been broken, the trumpets have sounded, and the vials of wrath have been poured out, after the beast and the false prophet have been cast into the lake of fire, the Spirit of God draws back the curtain on a scene that every believer’s heart has longed for since the garden of Eden was lost. Here is the literal, earthly reign of the Lord Jesus Christ for a thousand years. Here is the fulfillment of promises given to Abraham, to David, and to the prophets. Here is the answer to the prayer that has ascended from the lips of the saints for two thousand years: “Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.” This passage is not a puzzle to be solved by clever allegorizing. It is a plain declaration of what God has determined to do. Let us take the text as it stands, in the order in which the Spirit has given it, and let the Word of God speak for itself. I. The Binding of the Ancient Enemy (vv. 1–3) John says, “And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand.” Notice carefully that this is not the Lord Jesus Himself who descends; it is an angel. The Greek word is angelos, a messenger. One angel is sufficient. The same Lord who once cast a legion of demons into a herd of swine with a single word now commissions one of His messengers to seize the chief of all rebels. The dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan—four titles piled one upon another so that there can be no mistake about the identity of the prisoner—is laid hold of and bound. The Greek verb for “laid hold” is krateō, meaning to seize with power, to take firm grip. The great chain is not a figure of speech for the restraining influence of the church or the gospel; it is a real instrument of restraint in the hands of a real angel. He is cast into the bottomless pit—the abyssos, the same abyss from which the demonic locusts of chapter 9 emerged. The pit is shut and sealed. The purpose is stated with crystal clarity: “that he should deceive the nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled.” Six times in this chapter the Holy Spirit uses the expression “a thousand years” or “the thousand years.” The Greek is chilia etē. When the Spirit repeats a number six times in the space of a few verses, He is not inviting us to spiritualize it away. He is underscoring its importance. The binding is for a definite period of time. After that period Satan “must be loosed a little season.” The word “must” (dei) indicates divine necessity. God’s program requires it. There is no room here for the idea that Satan is already bound in some limited sense. If he is bound now, then the nations are not being deceived, and the New Testament itself becomes nonsense when it warns us that the devil walks about as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour (1 Peter 5:8), that he is the god of this world who blinds the minds of them that believe not (2 Corinthians 4:4), and that the whole world lies in the wicked one (1 John 5:19). This binding is future, personal, complete, and temporary. It is the necessary prelude to the kingdom. No kingdom of righteousness can flourish while the great deceiver is free to work his will among the nations. II. The Resurrection and Reign of the Saints (vv. 4–6) John continues, “And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them.” Who are these who sit upon the thrones? The text itself identifies them in two groups. First, the souls of those who were beheaded for the witness of Jesus and for the word of God. These are the martyrs of the tribulation period who refused the mark of the beast. Second, those who “had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands.” These are the faithful who endured to the end. Together they “lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.” The Greek word for “lived” is ezēsan, an aorist tense that points to a definite act of coming to life. This is the first resurrection. The rest of the dead—the unsaved—do not live again until the thousand years are finished. Then comes the solemn declaration: “Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years.” Here is the double blessing: they are priests and they are kings. As priests they have access to God and offer spiritual sacrifices of praise. As kings they share the governmental authority of the Son of David. This is not a spiritual reign in the hearts of men; it is a reign with Christ upon the earth. The text says they reigned with Him. The location of that reign is fixed by the entire prophetic program of the Old Testament. III. The Character of the Millennial Kingdom Described in the Old Testament The book of Revelation is indeed a book of signs, symbols, and numbers. Yet the Holy Spirit has not left us to guess at the meaning of the thousand-year reign. He has given us page after page in the Old Testament that describe the activities of that kingdom in language so plain, so geographical, so political, and so material that only a determined refusal to accept the plain sense of Scripture can turn them into mere spiritual ideals. Let us listen carefully to the prophets as they describe what the saints will be doing and what the earth will be like during those thousand years. Isaiah 2:2–4 declares: “And it shall come to pass in the last days, that the mountain of the LORD’s house shall be established in the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow unto it. And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.” Here the saints, under the direct rule of the Messiah, will see the law go forth from Jerusalem. The nations will stream to Zion to learn the ways of the Lord. The saints will participate in the administration of that perfect justice. War will cease. The instruments of destruction will be converted into instruments of agriculture. Isaiah 11:1–10 continues the picture: “And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots: And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD; And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the LORD: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears: But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked. And righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins, and faithfulness the girdle of his reins. The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them. And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice’ den. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD, as the waters cover the sea. And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious.” The saints will live in a world where the curse on the animal creation is lifted. The knowledge of the Lord will cover the earth. The Messiah will rule with absolute equity, and His people will share in that rule. Children will play safely. Nature itself will be at peace. Isaiah 65:17–25 adds further detail: “For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind. But be ye glad and rejoice for ever in that which I create: for, behold, I create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her people a joy. And I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and joy in my people: and the voice of weeping shall be no more heard in her, nor the voice of crying. There shall be no more thence an infant of days, nor an old man that hath not filled his days: for the child shall die an hundred years old; but the sinner being an hundred years old shall be accursed. And they shall build houses, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them. They shall not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and another eat: for as the days of a tree are the days of my people, and mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. They shall not labour in vain, nor bring forth for trouble; for they are the seed of the blessed of the LORD, and their offspring with them. And it shall come to pass, that before they call, I will answer; and while they are yet speaking, I will hear. The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent’s meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, saith the LORD.” Longevity returns. A person who dies at one hundred is considered a child. The saints will build and inhabit, plant and eat the fruit. Their labor will not be frustrated. Prayer will be answered immediately. The elect of God will enjoy the work of their hands for the full thousand years. Micah 4:1–4 echoes Isaiah: “But in the last days it shall come to pass, that the mountain of the house of the LORD shall be established in the top of the mountains, and it shall be exalted above the hills; and people shall flow unto it. And many nations shall come, and say, Come, and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, and to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths: for the law shall go forth of Zion, and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. But they shall sit every man under his vine and under his fig tree; and none shall make them afraid: for the mouth of the LORD of hosts hath spoken it.” Every man under his own vine and fig tree—personal security, private property, and peace. The saints will enjoy this rest. Zechariah 14:8–11, 16–21 describes the geographical and religious center: “And it shall be in that day, that living waters shall go out from Jerusalem; half of them toward the former sea, and half of them toward the hinder sea: in summer and in winter shall it be. And the LORD shall be king over all the earth: in that day shall there be one LORD, and his name one. All the land shall be turned as a plain from Geba to Rimmon south of Jerusalem: and it shall be lifted up, and inhabited in her place, from Benjamin’s gate unto the place of the first gate, unto the corner gate, and from the tower of Hananeel unto the king’s winepresses. And men shall dwell in it, and there shall be no more utter destruction; but Jerusalem shall be safely inhabited. … And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles. And it shall be, that whoso will not come up of all the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain. And if the family of Egypt go not up, and come not, that have no rain; there shall be the plague, wherewith the LORD will smite the heathen that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles. This shall be the punishment of Egypt, and the punishment of all nations that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles. In that day shall there be upon the bells of the horses, HOLINESS UNTO THE LORD; and the pots in the LORD’s house shall be like the bowls before the altar. Yea, every pot in Jerusalem and in Judah shall be holiness unto the LORD of hosts: and all they that sacrifice shall come and take of them, and seethe therein: and in that day there shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of the LORD of hosts.” Jerusalem will be the political and spiritual capital of the world. The saints will go up year by year. Nations that refuse will be disciplined with drought. Holiness will characterize even the ordinary utensils of daily life. Psalm 72 is a portrait of the righteous King’s reign: “Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king’s son. He shall judge thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment. The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness. He shall judge the poor of the people, he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor. They shall fear thee as long as the sun and moon endure, throughout all generations. He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass: as showers that water the earth. In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth. He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth. They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him; and his enemies shall lick the dust. The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts. Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him. For he shall deliver the needy when he crieth; the poor also, and him that hath no helper. He shall spare the poor and needy, and shall save the souls of the needy. He shall redeem their soul from deceit and violence: and precious shall their blood be in his sight. And he shall live, and to him shall be given of the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall be made for him continually; and daily shall he be praised. There shall be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon: and they of the city shall flourish like grass of the earth. His name shall endure for ever: his name shall be continued as long as the sun: and men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall call him blessed.” The saints will share in this universal dominion. They will see the poor delivered, the oppressor broken, and the earth productive under the King’s blessing. Ezekiel 40–48 describes in exhaustive detail a temple, a priesthood, a sacrificial system, and the division of the land among the tribes. The prince will have his portion. The saints from every nation who have part in the first resurrection will serve as priests of God and of Christ in that restored order. The glory of the Lord will fill the house. Living waters will flow from under the threshold, healing the Dead Sea and bringing life wherever they go (Ezekiel 47). These are not vague spiritual principles. They are concrete, measurable, geographical, agricultural, political, and religious realities. The saints will reign. They will judge. They will teach. They will worship. They will enjoy the fruit of the earth. They will see nature restored. They will watch the nations come up to Jerusalem year after year. They will experience longevity, security, and the absence of war. This is the kingdom the prophets saw. This is the kingdom John saw. This is the kingdom that lasts a thousand years. IV. Why the Thousand Years Must Be Taken Literally Why do we insist that this reign is literal rather than a mere figure of speech? Because the plain sense of Scripture demands it, and every alternative interpretation collapses under the weight of the text itself. First, the number is repeated six times with deliberate emphasis. If “a thousand years” is only a symbol for a long time, then why does the Spirit carefully distinguish “the thousand years” from “a little season” that follows? Symbols do not require such chronological precision. Second, the binding of Satan is described with concrete details—an angel, a key, a chain, a pit, a seal. If these are symbols, then the resurrection of the martyrs in the same paragraph must also be symbolic, and the second death must be symbolic. But the second death is clearly the lake of fire (Revelation 20:14; 21:8). Consistency requires that the first resurrection and the thousand-year reign be just as real. Third, the Old Testament promises to Israel of a restored land, a Davidic King on a literal throne in Jerusalem, and a time of national and universal blessing have never been fulfilled. The amillennial view spiritualizes them into the church age. The postmillennial view postpones them indefinitely into a golden age produced by human effort under the gospel. Neither does justice to the land promises, the throne of David, or the geographical center of Zion. Only the premillennial view allows the promises to mean what they say: a future, earthly, theocratic kingdom under the personal rule of the Messiah, with resurrected saints sharing that rule for a thousand years. Fourth, the sequence of events in Revelation itself is chronological. Chapter 19 ends with the beast and false prophet in the lake of fire. Chapter 20 begins with the binding of Satan. Then comes the thousand years. Then the loosing of Satan. Then the final rebellion. Then the great white throne. To rearrange this sequence into a spiritual present or a progressive ideal is to do violence to the order the Spirit has given. Fifth, the first resurrection is called “the first.” If the only resurrection is a general one at the end of time, then there is no “first.” The text insists there is a resurrection of the righteous that precedes the thousand years, and a resurrection of the rest of the dead that follows it. This matches the “resurrection of life” and the “resurrection of damnation” of John 5:29, and the order of 1 Corinthians 15:23–24—“Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ’s at his coming. Then cometh the end.” While Revelation is filled with signs and symbols, the substantiation from the Old Testament gives the premillennial understanding a weight of evidence that no other view can match


